How is mesothelioma diagnosed?
Mesothelioma is diagnosed using a patient’s history and physical, radiographic studies, and pathologic examination of tissue.
Key components in the patient’s history are exposure to asbestos and complaints relating to fluid build up or a mass, such as pain or shortness of breath. Patients often undergo tests to rule out other conditions, as early symptoms tend to be non-specific.
Radiographic studies include plain films, CT, MRI, or PET, of the chest and abdomen.
Chest x-rays may show effusion, thickening, calcifications, scarring, or a chest mass. CT scans can help guide needle biopsy. MRI can reveal lymph node or diaphragm involvement. PET is now considered the gold standard for staging the disease. These studies are often used in combination for diagnosis, staging, and treatment decisions.
Pathologic examination of the tissues involved confirms a suspected diagnosis. Tissue is removed from the affected site and studied microscopically for evidence of cancer cells.