How is malignant mesothelioma diagnosed?
Mesothelioma shares symptoms with many other, less serious conditions, so a doctor will try to rule out those conditions through a physical exam including x-rays and tests of lung function. Imaging tests such as MRIs , CAT scans and PET scans may be done.
The only way to definitively diagnose mesothelioma is through analysis of tissue taken from the mesothelium through biopsy. The biopsy can be done by inserting a camera and surgical instruments through a small incision (thoracoscopy in the chest or laparoscopy in the abdomen) or by opening up the abdominal or chest cavity (thoracotomy or laparotomy). The tissue sample will be examined through a microscope to detect patterns that differentiate it from benign cells or other types of cancerous cells. If diagnosis is still unclear, tests for different chemicals in the cells or genetic testing of the cells may be needed, or an electron microscope can offer a closer look at the cells.