Discuss the incidence of mesothelioma and its associated risk factors.
Although relatively rare, the incidence of mesothelioma has increased over the last 20 years with roughly 2,000 new cases reported in the U.S. each year. The disease is more common in men with a male-to-female ratio of 3:1. Occupational exposure to asbestos is reported in 3-4 out of every 5 cases. Those who work with asbestos carry an overall 8% lifetime risk of developing malignant pleural mesothelioma. Increase in both time and intensity of exposure increases the risk for all asbestos-related disease. Even those indirectly exposed, such as family members of asbestos workers, have an increased risk of mesothelioma. Cigarette smoking does not increase the incidence of mesothelioma. However, it should be noted that a combined history of asbestos exposure and smoking increases the risk of bronchogenic cancer. Additionally, not all cases of mesothelioma have an identified exposure to asbestos and not all who are exposed to asbestos will develop asbestos-related disease.